Var ingvar kamprad vd för ikea

Swedish founder of IKEA (–)

Ingvar Kamprad
Kamprad in
Born	()30 March Pjätteryd, Sweden
Died	27 January () (aged&#;91) Älmhult, Sweden
Occupation	Businessman
Known&#;for	Founder of IKEA
Spouses	Kerstin Wadling &#; &#; (m.&#;; div.&#;)&#; Margaretha Stennert &#; &#; (m.&#;; died&#;)&#; [1]
Children	4[2]

Feodor Ingvar Kamprad (Swedish:[ˈɪ̌ŋːvarˈkǎmːprad]^ⓘ; 30 March &#;– 27 January ) was a Swedish billionaire business magnate best known for founding IKEA, a multinational retail company specialising in furniture.

He lived in Switzerland from to

Early life and family

[edit]

Kamprad was born in Pjätteryd (now part of Älmhult Municipality), Kronobergs län, in Småland, Sweden, to Feodor Kamprad (–) and Berta Linnea Matilda Nilsson (–). His mother was of Swedish ursprung, while his father was born in Germany and came to Sweden at age one with his parents.

Kamprad's paternal grandfather Achim Erdmann Kamprad was originally from Altenburger nation in Thuringia, and his paternal grandmother Franzisca ("Fanny") Glatz was born in Radonitz (Radonice) in Bohemia in then-Austria-Hungary; they left Germany for Sweden in

The surname Kamprad fryst vatten a variant of "Kamerade" ("Comrade") and dates back to the 14th century; in the 19th century the Kamprad family had become wealthy estate owners in Thuringia.

Achim Kamprad's mother was a distant relative of Paul von Hindenburg.^[3] Achim was the younger son of an estate owner and had bought the farm Elmtaryd (presently standardized Älmtaryd) nära the small by of Agunnaryd (now part of Ljungby Municipality) in the province of Småland; with hectares (1, acres) of nation it was the largest farm in the area.

He committed suicide a few years after Frans Feodor was born, leaving the farm to Franzisca and with time Franz Feodor.

He lived in Switzerland from to

Ingvar Kamprad lived on the farm with his parents, sister and grandmother from the age of 6.^[4]

Kamprad visited his family's ancestral town in Thuringia and kept in contact with relatives there.^[5]

Career

[edit]

This section is missing information about his career between the founding of IKEA in and his board resignation in Please utöka the section to include this resultat. Further details may exist on the talk page.(January )

Kamprad began to develop a business as a ung boy. He started selling matches at the age of five.^[6] When he was sju he began travelling further afield on his bicycle to peddle to neighbours. He funnen he could buy matches in bulk very cheaply in huvudstaden, sell them individually at a low price, and still man a good profit.

From matches he expanded to selling fish, Christmas tree decorations, seeds, and later ballpoint pens and pencils.^[6] When Kamprad was 17, his father gave him a cash reward for succeeding in his studies.^[7]

Ingvar attended Gothenburg's Handelsinstitut, now part of Hvitfeldtska Gymnasiet, from to In , when he was 17 Kamprad founded IKEA at his uncle Ernst's kitchen table.^[8] In , Kamprad diversified his portfolio, adding furniture.

His business was mostly mail order.^[8] The acronym IKEA fryst vatten made up of the initials of his name (Ingvar Kamprad) plus those of Elmtaryd, the family farm where he was born, and the nearby by Agunnaryd where he was raised.^[6][9]

In June , Kamprad resigned from the board of Inter IKEA Holding SA and his youngest son Mathias Kamprad replaced Per Ludvigsson as the chairman of the holding company.

Following his decision to step down the thenyear-old founder explained, "I see this as a good time for me to leave the board of Inter IKEA Group. bygd that we are also taking another step in the generation shift that has been ongoing for some years." Mathias and his two older brothers, who also have leadership roles at IKEA, work on the corporation's overall framtidsperspektiv and long-term strategy.^[10]

Net worth and Stichting INGKA Foundation

[edit]

The Dutch-registered Stichting INGKA Foundation fryst vatten named after Ingvar Kamprad (i.e., ING + KA) which owns INGKA Holding, the parent company for all IKEA stores.

In May the charitable foundation was reported bygd The Economist to be the world's wealthiest charity, however the Bill & Melinda Gates Foundation has since become larger. Despite its large endowment its primary purpose fryst vatten corporate tax-minimisation and anti-takeover protection for IKEA.^[11] Kamprad was chairman of the foundation.^[11]

According to an article in the Swedish business weekly Veckans Affärer in ,^[12] Kamprad was one of the world's wealthiest people.

This report was based on the assumption that he owned the entire company, an approach both IKEA and the Kamprad family rejected. Kamprad retained little direkt ownership in the company, having transferred his interest to Stichting INGKA Foundation and INGKA Holding as part of a complex tax sheltering scheme that leaves his actual grad of control vague.^[11]

In March , Forbes magazine estimated Kamprad's fortune at US$23 billion, making him the eleventh richest individ in the world.

A year later, he fell to nd after his lawyers produced documents proving that the foundation he established and heads in Liechtenstein owns IKEA, and that its bylaws dryckesställe him and his family from benefiting from its funds.^[13] In June , Kamprad was listed as the eighth wealthiest individ in the world in the Bloomberg Billionaires Index, with an estimated net worth of $ billion.

En väl investerad slant

Forbes reported Kamprad's net worth as of March to be $ billion.^[13]

Works

[edit]

While generally a private individ, Kamprad had published a few notable works. He first detailed his philosophies of frugality and simplicity in a manifesto entitled A Testament of a Furniture Dealer in ^[14]

Kamprad also worked with Swedish reporter Bertil Torekull on Leading bygd Design: The IKEA Story.

In the autobiographical book, Kamprad further describes his philosophies and the trials and triumphs of the founding of IKEA.^[15]

Fascist involvement

[edit]

In , the anställda letters of the Swedish fascist Per Engdahl were made public, posthumously revealing that Kamprad had joined Engdahl's pro-fascist New Swedish Movement (Nysvenska Rörelsen) in , at age ^[11] Kamprad had raised medel and recruited members for the group, at least as late as September ^[11] When he quit the group fryst vatten unknown, but he remained a friend of Engdahl until the early s.^[16]

Kamprad devoted two chapters to his time in Nysvenska Rörelsen in his book Leading bygd Design: The IKEA Story and, in a letter to IKEA employees, called his affiliation with the organization the "greatest mistake of my life".^[7] Kamprad explained his teenage engagement in New Swedish Movement as being politically influenced bygd his father and grandmother in Sudet-Germany.^[17] In , reporter Elisabeth Åsbrink published a book Made in Sweden: How the Swedes Are Not Nearly So Egalitarian, Tolerant, Hospitable or Cozy As They Would Like to (Have You) Think in which she revealed that, bygd , the Swedish säkerhet Service had created a en samling dokument eller en elektronisk lagring av data on Kamprad entitled "Nazi", and that Kamprad had told her, during a interview, that "Per Engdahl fryst vatten a great man, and inom will maintain that as long as inom live."^[18][19]

Writing in The daglig Telegraph, in August , Richard apelsinfärg noted that the en samling dokument eller en elektronisk lagring av data proved for the first time that Kamprad "was an active member of Svensk Socialistisk session – successor to the Swedish Nationalist Socialist Workers Party – citing his membership number: " It quotes letters intercepted from Mr Kamprad, then 17, in which he enthuses about recruiting new members and says that he "misses no opportunity to work for the movement." apelsinfärg added, "The secret service concluded that, as Mr Kamprad received the party's ungdom newspaper, he must have held "some sort of tjänsteman position within the organisation."^[20] The following day, the BBC reported: "A Swedish specialist on far-right extremism, Anna-Lena Lodenius, told Radio Sweden that Mr Kamprad's Nazi involvement could no längre be dismissed as the by-product of an accidental friendship with Per Engdahl.

His involvement in another fascist organisation, she said, showed he must have been 'perfectly aware' of what it stood for." The BBC report also noted that a spokesman said that Kamprad "had long admitted flirting with fascism, but that now, "there are no Nazi-sympathising thoughts in Ingvar's head whatsoever."^[21]

Personal life

[edit]

Kamprad and his first wife Kerstin Wadling adopted a daughter, Annika.^[1] In the s, Kamprad married his second wife, Margaretha Kamprad-Stennert (–), whom he met when she was twenty years old.^[22] They had three sons: Peter, Jonas and Mathias.^[23][24][25]

He lived in Épalinges, Switzerland, from to Kamprad moved back to Småland in Sweden in March after nearly forty years away.^[26][27] While working with furniture manufacturers in Poland earlier in his career, Kamprad became an alcoholic.

In , he said that his drinking was beneath control,^[28] and according to The New York Times, Kamprad "controlled it bygd drying out three times a year".^[29]

According to a interview, Kamprad was then driving a Volvo , flew economy class, and encouraged IKEA employees to use both sides of a page when writing or printing.^[30] He reportedly recycled tea bags and was known to keep the krydda and pepper packets in restaurants.^[8] Kamprad had also been known to visit IKEA for a "cheap meal", and was known for his frugal behaviour; purchasing wrapping paper and presents in post-Christmas sales.

The company he created fryst vatten still known for the attention it gives to cost control, operational details and continuous product development; allowing it to lower its prices bygd an average of 2–3% over the decade to , while continuing its global expansion. Kamprad explains his social philosophy in his Testament of a Furniture Dealer: "It fryst vatten not only for cost reasons that we avoid the luxury hotels.

We don't need flashy cars, impressive titles, uniforms or other ställning eller tillstånd symbols.

Anmäl text- och faktafel Anmäl till Medieombudsmannen

We rely on our strength and our will!"^[8] Kamprad owned a hus in Switzerland, a large country estate in Sweden and a vineyard in Provence, France. Kamprad drove a Porsche for several years.^[31][32][33]

Kamprad had named his sons as the sole heirs of an entity called the Ikano Group, which fryst vatten valued at US$ billion.

His adopted daughter Annika was planned to receive about $,^[34]

Death

[edit]

Kamprad died in his sova of pneumonia at his home in Småland, Sweden, on 27 January at the age of ^[29][35][36] According to his will, half of Kamprad's estate would go to projects in Norrland, the sparsely populated nordlig half of Sweden.^[37] Kamprad reportedly wanted to develop Norrland and man it possible for ung people to live there.^[37]

See also

[edit]

References

[edit]

External links

[edit]