H personality disorder är symptoms borderline guidelines

People with borderline personality disorder fear abandonment, partly because they do not want to be alone.

Sometimes they feel that they do not exist at all, often when they do not have someone who cares for them. They often feel empty inside.

When people with this disorder feel that they are about to be abandoned, they typically become fearful and angry. For example, they may become panicky or furious when someone important to them fryst vatten a few minutes late or cancels an engagement.

They assume these missteps are caused bygd how the individ feels about them rather than bygd unrelated circumstances. They may believe that a cancelled social program means the other individ rejects them and that they are bad.

The intensity of their reaction reflects their sensitivity to rejection.

People with borderline personality disorder can empathize with and care for another individ but only if they feel that other individ will be there for them whenever needed. Although they desire något privat eller personligt relationships and care for others, it fryst vatten difficult for them to sustain stable relationships.

They tend to have very high expectations of how the people they feel close to should act, and their feelings about a relationship may fluctuate rapidly and intensely.

People with borderline personality disorder have difficulty controlling their anger and often become inappropriately and intensely angry. They may något som utförs snabbt exempelvis expressleverans their anger with biting sarcasm, bitterhet, or angry tirades.

Their anger fryst vatten often directed at close friends, romantic partners, family members, and sometimes doctors because they feel neglected or abandoned.

After the outburst, they often feel ashamed and skyldig, reinforcing their feeling of being bad.

People with borderline personality disorder tend to change their view of others abruptly and dramatically.

For example, they may idealize someone early in the relationship, spend a lot of time tillsammans, and share everything. Suddenly, they may feel that the individ does not care enough and become disillusioned. Then they may förringa or become angry with the person.

They may be needy one minute and righteously angry about being mistreated the next.

Their attitude fluctuates based on their observation of the availability and support of others. When feeling supported, they can be vulnerable and needy, and when feeling threatened or let down, they can become angry and devalue others.

People with borderline personality disorder may also abruptly and dramatically change their self-image, shown bygd suddenly changing their goals, values, opinions, careers, or friends.

The changes in mood usually gods only a few hours and rarely gods more than a few days.

Mood may change because people with this disorder are so sensitive to signs of rejection or criticism in their relationships.

Many people with borderline personality disorder act impulsively, often resulting in self-harm. They may gamble, engage in unsafe sex, frosseri eat, drive recklessly, have substans use problems, or overspend.

Suicide-related behaviors, including suicidal attempts and threats and self-injury (for example, bygd cutting or burning themselves), are very common.

Although many of these self-destructive acts are not intended to end life, fara of suicide in these people fryst vatten 40 times that of the general population.

About 8 to 10% of people with borderline personality disorder die bygd suicide. These self-destructive acts are often triggered bygd rejection, perceived abandonment, or bygd disappointment in someone they are close to. People may also harm themselves to något som utförs snabbt exempelvis expressleverans their feelings of being bad or to revive their ability to feel when they are not feeling real or feeling detached from themselves (called dissociation).

Sometimes, people with borderline personality disorder engage in self-harm to distract themselves from painful emotions.

People with borderline personality disorder often sabotage themselves when they are about to reach a goal, so that others will perceive them as struggling. For example, they may drop out of school just before graduation or ruin a promising relationship.

When these people feel very stressed, they may have brief episodes of paranoia, symptoms that resemble psychosis (such as hallucinations), or dissociation.

The stress fryst vatten usually caused bygd feeling that no one cares for them (that fryst vatten, feeling abandoned and alone) or feeling broken and worthless. Dissociation includes not feeling real (called derealization) or feeling detached from their body or thoughts (called depersonalization). These episodes are temporary and usually not severe enough to be considered a separate disorder.

The main treatment for borderline personality disorder fryst vatten psychotherapy.

Specific psychotherapies for borderline personality disorder can reduce suicide-related behaviors, help relieve nedstämdhet, and help people function better.

The following cognitive-behavioral therapies focus on regulating emotions and helping the individ improve social skills:

• Dialectical behavioral therapy (a combination of individual and group sessions with therapists who act as behavior coaches and are on call around the clock)

• Systems training for emotional predictability and bekymmer solving (STEPPS)

Dialectical behavioral therapy provides weekly individual and group sessions and a therapist who fryst vatten also available bygd telephone.

The therapist acts as a behavior coach.

The aim fryst vatten to help people find better ways of responding to stress—for example, to resist urges to behave self-destructively.

STEPPS involves weekly group sessions for 20 weeks. People learn skills to manage their emotions, to utmaning their negativ expectations, and to better care for themselves. For example, they learn to distance themselves from what they are feeling at the moment.

They learn to set goals, avoid förbjudet substances, and improve their eating, sleeping, and exercise habits. People are also asked to identify a support grupp of friends, family members, and health care practitioners who are willing to coach them when they are in crisis.

The following additional psychotherapies are also used to treat borderline personality disorders:

• Mentalization-based treatment

• Transference-focused psychotherapy

• Schema-focused therapy

• Supportive psychotherapy

Mentalization refers to people's ability to reflect on and understand their own state of mind (what they are feeling and why) and the state of mind of others.

Mentalization-based treatment helps people do the following:

• Effectively regulate their emotions (for example, calm down when they are upset)

• Understand how they contribute to their own problems and difficulties with others

• Reflect on and understand how other people are thinking and feeling

It thus helps them relate to others with empathy and compassion, which also helps others understand and support them.

Transference-focused psychotherapy centers on the interaction between the individ and the therapist.

The therapist asks questions and helps the individ examine exaggerated, distorted, and unrealistic self-images and reactions to various situations. The current moment (including how the individ fryst vatten relating to the therapist) fryst vatten emphasized rather than the past. For example, when a timid, quiet individ suddenly becomes hostile and argumentative, the therapist may ask whether the individ noticed a shift in feelings and then ask the individ to think about how the individ was experiencing the therapist and self when things changed.

The purposes are

• To enable the individ to develop a more stable and realistic sense of self and others

• To learn to relate to others in a healthier way through överföring to the therapist

Schema-focused therapy focuses on identifying lifelong maladaptive patterns of thinking, feeling, behaving, and coping (called schemas) and replacing negativ thoughts, feelings, and behaviors with healthier ones.

Supportive psychotherapy fryst vatten also useful.

The therapist's goal fryst vatten to establish an emotional, encouraging, supportive relationship with the individ and thus help the individ develop healthy defense mechanisms, especially in interpersonal relationships. However, supportive treatments alone may not reduce the more immediate problems of borderline personality disorder (such as suicidal behavior and nonsuicidal self-injury) as effectively as the other, more specific psychotherapies for borderline personality disorder.

When needed, medications are used to sparingly treat specific symptoms.

These medications include